Posner - Toward a theory of conceptual change

Posner, G. J., Strike, K. A., Hewson, P. W. and Gertzog, W. A. (1982), Accommodation of a scientific conception: Toward a theory of conceptual change. Science Education, 66: 211–227. doi: 10.1002/sce.3730660207

Four conditions necessary for accommodation of a scientific conception:
1) intelligibility (ability to understand the concept),
2) plausibility (believability and consistency of the concept),
3) dissatisfaction with existing conceptions, and
4) fruitfulness of the concept for use in external contexts

See Osborne, R. & Freyberg, P. (1985). Learning in science: The implications of children's science. Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann

and

Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.